The Chemistry Book

Nuclear chemistry is California content standards 11 and involves reactions that alter the nucleus.

The Nucleus

Ernest Rutherford proposed the existence of a nucleus after his alpha-particle scattering experiments.

Nuclear Transformations

In 1919, Ernest Rutherford became the first scientist to discover nuclear transformation ^[1]. Rutherford changed one element into another by bombarding nitrogen-14 with an alpha particle, resulting in oxygen-17. In 1933, Irene Curie and Fredrick Joliot, a French couple, were second persons to witness a nuclear transformation. In 1934, Enrico Fermi demonstrated that nuclear transformation occurs in almost every element subjected to neutron bombardment. ^[2] These men and women have greatly advanced the field of nuclear transformation and have allowed many advances in the field of chemistry that had never even been thought of before.

Half-life

Half-life is the amount of time in which half of the radioisotope decays.

Fission

Fission is a splitting of something into its parts. ^{CITATION REQUIRED}

Fusion

Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear Fusion is the process of joining two nuclei into one nucleus. This process releases tremendous energy, because some mass is transformed into energy. The energy released is far greater than that released in chemical reactions. The formula Einstein created (E=MC2) is used to calculate how much mass was changed to energy in a nuclear reaction.

Discovery: Nuclear Fusion was discovered in 1953 with the invention of the Hydrogen bomb.

References: Original Chembook article, actual Wikipedia page, my World of Chemistry textbook and previous knowledge.

Sources: Wikipedia, original chembook article, the World of Chemistry Textbook, and previous knowledge.

Unit: 11 Standard: 11

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