The Chemistry Book

Lewis structures are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.

The formulas: the atomic symbol represents the nuclei and the dot pair or dashes represents electrons shared and one dot represents a lone pair (a valence electron that is not shared)

Step to Writing the Lewis dot structures Count all valence electrons.Valence electrons are determined by group number with exception of helium (noble gas) Lewis structure must follow octet rule.Atoms tend to lose, gain, or share electrons so they will have 8 electrons in their outer shell

Rules
1) Hydrogen can only form stable molecules that share two electrons (duet rule)
2) Helium does not form bonds because its valence shell is filled.
3) Second row nonmetals (carbon through fluorine) form stable molecules when they are surrounded by enough electrons to fill the valence electrons
4) Neon and noble gases already have an octet of valence electrons

1.) How many bonds does silicon form?
2) Draw the Lewis dot structures for hydrogen and neon ?
3) What is the duet rule? Hydrogen will only allow 2 electrons around the nucleus?
4) What is the octet rule? Atoms tend to gain lose or share electrons so they will have 8 electrons in their outer shell.
5) Write a Lewis structure for HCl?

State Released Test Question Which of the following elements has the same Lewis dot structure as silicon?
A) Germanium (Ge) ( the answer is Germanium because lewis Dot structures are determined by the group number and Germanium is in the same group as Silicon)
B) Aluminum (Al)
C) Arsenic (As)
D) Gallium (Ga)

G.N. Lewis developed a means to describe the valence electrons of atoms involved in bonds. There are six basic steps to solving a Lewis structure.

1. Valence electrons
2. Octet / duet electrons
3. Bonding electrons
4. Bonds
5. Arrangement
6. Nonbonding electrons

Lewis Stuctures show chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule. Author.(2008)Organic Covalent Bonding Covalent Bonds and Lewis Structures. Lewis Structures are also called Electron Dot Diagrams and can help determine the type of covalent bond an atom might make in certain situations or to try to predict what kind of ion it can make. In 1902 G.N Lewis thought of the idea while he was teaching a class of chemistry students. The Lewis Structures can be drawn by following these six steps. Some molecules can be drawn with more than just one Lewis Dot Structures and can also show resonance. So although there are some instances where Lewis Structures can't work, many molecules can still have Lewis Structures that can follow the octet rule and still help chemists predict how atoms bond. When the two bonding atoms share two or more pairs of electrons, they are called double and triple bonds.Lewis Structures help us explain chemical bonds. Lewis structures are a simple way to visualize the valence electrons in an atom. s In 1902 G.N. Lewis thought of the idea while he was teaching a class of chemistry. In the Lewis Structures there are symbols in which valence electrons of an atom are represented by dots around the letter symbol of the element. Covalent bonding is when two atoms share electrons. Polyatomic ions show how the elements are arranged among the atoms in the molecule to show the connectivity of the atoms. Lewis structures are a simple way to visualize the valence electrons in an atom. The symbol is for the element which is used to represent the atom and its core.Lewis Electron Dot Symbols are convenient for explaining chemical bonds,they are a very good visualization tool. The electrons are represent by dots and bonds are represented by dashes.Lewis Structure help us explain chemical bonds.There are six steps to arrange the structure, and it also has multiple bonds.

Gregory L. Curran. (2008)Lewis Dot Diagrams Retrieved January 15,2009, from<a href==http://www.msplinks.com/MDFodHRwOi8vd3d3LmZvcmRoyW1wcmVwLm9yZw=="http://www.fordhamprep.org</a>

Fred Senese(2005)How do I draw a Lewis Structure for a molecule? Retrieved January 15,2009 from:==http://Antione.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/bonds/faq/simple-lewis-structures.html.com==
Guch (2009) a sure-fire way to draw Lewis Structures! Retrieved Jaunary 15,2009 from: ==http://misterguch.brinkster.net/lewisstructures.html.com==
(2009)Lewis Structures retrieved January 15,2009 from: ==labrary.thinkquest.org==

Zumdahl, Zumdahl & DeCoste.(2006)Chapter 12 Chemical Bonding. Retrieved January 13,2009, from World of Chemistry textbook.  bonds&lewis structures (2009)retrieved january 15,2009==chem.queens. Ca==

science lewis structures (2009)retrieved from: January 15,2009 ==jrank.org==

William jensen (2009)Gilbert Newton Lexis retrieved January 15,2009 from: ==http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/ci/1992/Lewis.html==

==http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/338265/Lewis-structure==
http://library.thinkquest.org/C006669/data/Chem/bonding/lewis.html
http://www.stolaf.edu/depts/chemistry/courses/toolkits/123/js/lewis/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_structure, (2008)Organic Covalent BOnding Covalent Bonds and Lewis Structures. Retrieved January 13, 2009, from <a href==http://www.msplinks.com/MDFodHRwOi8vd3d3LnNwYXJrbm90ZXMuY29==>http://www.sparknotes.com</a>