The Chemistry Book

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• Absolute temperature scale
• Absolute zero-The zero point on the absolute temperature scale; -273.15°C or 0 K
• Boyle's law-At constant temperature the volume occupied by a definite mass of a gas is inversely proportional to the applied pressure.
• Celsius-
• Charles law-At constant pressure the volume occupied by a definite mass of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature
• Collisions-
• Density of water-Mass per unit Volume: D=MV
• Diffusion-
• Directly proportional
• Effusion-the rate at which a gas escapes through an orifice or hole.
• Fluids-Substances that flow freely like gases and liquids
• Gas laws-
• Grahams law-The rates of effusion of gases are inversely proportional to the square roots of their molecular weights or densities.
• Gravity-
• Heat-A form of energy that flows between two samples of matter because of their differences in temperature.
• Homogeneous-A substance or material that contains only one kind of compound or one element.
• Ideal gases-hypothetical gases that obey exactly all postulates of the kinetic-molecular theory
• Intermolecular forces-Forces between individual particles (atoms, molecules, ions) of a substance.
• Inversely proportional relationships-
• Kelvin-the temperature scale used in chemistry (-273k)
• Kinetic energy-Energy that matter processes by virtue of its motion
• Kinetic Molecular Theory-A theory, that attempts to explain macroscopic observations on gases in microscopic observations on gases in microscopic observations on gases in microscopic or molecular terms
• Mixtures-samples of matter composed of two or more substances
• Monatomic gas-elements that are present in the gaseous state as single atoms (noble gases)
• Pressure-
• Pure
• Random motion
• Rate of diffusion
• Standard Temperature & Pressure (STP)- 0°C and 1 atmosphere.
• The ideal gas law-The product of pressure and the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas and the absolute temperature.
• Universal gas constant-
• Volume
• Water pressure