The Chemistry Book

Biochemistry is the study of the chemistry of living things. Biochemistry is the most used chemistry which explains living things at a cellular and molecular level ^[1].

When scientists use biochemistry, scientists are using chemicals and life science ^[2]. Scientists use biochemistry to see how cells, tissues, and organs interact with other organs; including the main organ, the brain. The goal of biochemist is to discover how living organisms function; such as lipids, vitamins, hormones, etc ^[3].

History

The department of Biochemistry was formed in 1883 and since then biochemists have really changed the way humans understanding of biochemistry. The department has really helped how the chemical basis of life is viewed ^[4].

Some of the contributions scientists made to humanity include the discovery of Vitamin A and B, the first chemical synthesis of a gene, and isolation of niacin and elimination of pellagra ^[5].

Biochemistry in Medicine

Biochemistry has stove the way to a healthier world ^[6]. It has helped scientists understand diabetes and how to treat it ^[7].It is quite common in society and that it is caused when no sufficient insulin in the blood stream ^[8]. Also, thanks to biochemistry, scientist and doctors now know that some diseases are transferred through by traits encoded in human genes^[9]. In fact, studying the structures of DNA and RNA has helped humanity understand and help treat degenerative diseases including cancer, which is widely spread throughout society ^[10].

Biochemistry and Vitamins

Without the branch of biochemistry in science, people would not be as healthy as they are now ^[11]. Biochemistry, as previously stated, has given us the knowledge of what vitamins our bodies need to stay healthy and maintain a strong immune system ^[12]. Knowledge about biochemistry has given scientists understanding on how to make vitamins such as Vitamin A and B complex ^[13]. Food alone is not sufficient enough to give humans all the vitamins people need to thrive ^[14].

The Paladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of sciences Ukraine was founded in 1925 and it was the first Institution of Biochemistry in the territory of the USSR. Later, due to World War II, the whole area was evacuated, delaying studies ^[15]. Then, in 1944, it was up and running again so the scientists were able to begin researching the regeneration of cells and vitamins. At the Biochemistry Institute where they focused most of the research on vitamins, they have helped improve and open up the field of biochemistry. Even to this day, much of the biochemistry research is being done at the Paladin Institute of Biochemistry ^[16]. Within the institute, there are ten sections which include lipids biochemistry, molecular immunology, coenzymes biochemistry, enzyme chemistry, muscle biochemistry, protein structure and functions, enzyme biochemistry, biochemistry of sensory and regulatory systems ^[17]. Throughout the eighty years, the scientist working at the institute have used the facilities to make many important discoveries like accelerated wound adhesion(visacol), protein blood substitute, and the purification and increasing of food like cattle ^[18].

Conclusion

Biochemistry has helped progress humanity throughout history and helped us understand our bodies closely. With our knowledge of DNA we can see disease traits and help those infected treatments ^[19]. Biochemistry has also shown humanity how to stay healthier by designing vitamins for our bodies needed and the right proportions needed to be taken to stay healthy. This branch of chemistry is biochemistry: the study of chemistry and life science.

Macromolecules

Polymers are many fundamental units (monomers) connected by chemical bonds.

Four major macromolecules.

Macromolecule	Monomer
Proteins	Amino acids
Lipids	Fatty Acids; Steroids
Carbohydrates	Monosaccharides
Nucleic acids	Nucleotides

Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry (Standards: CH10. a-c)

The bonding characteristics of carbon allow the formation of many different organic molecules of varied sizes, shapes, and chemical properties and provide the biochemical basis of life.

Resources

CH10 Framework
CH10 Vocabulary

References

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Periodic Table Elements Balancing chemical equations Scientific Method History of Chemistry Classification of Matter Math Skills Chemical Bonds Polyatomics Bohr Model	Molality Learning chemistry Nuclear decay Photoelectric effect Acids Solute Specific heat Catalyst Duet rule Octet rule	Henry Moseley Jean Baptiste Perrin Evangelista Torricelli Antoine Lavoisier Clemens Winkler Henri Becquerel Friedrich Wöhler Henri Louis Le Chatelier Josiah Willard Gibbs Benjamin Thompson

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